Having an addiction means you have an uncontrollable dependence on a certain substance or activity. Individuals who become addicted to various things for various reasons can be affected physically and psychologically. When one has an addiction, the substance or activity typically becomes the major focus of their life, resulting in the exclusion of other activities, the inability to function in work, social, and family responsibilities, and poor physical and mental health. Individuals with addiction can suffer from anxiety, low self-esteem, or depression and may often feel like they have no control over their behavior and lives.
Types of Addictions
Both physical and psychological addictions impact the part of the brain that produces endorphins, which are chemicals in the body that induce pleasure. Endorphins make the person feel “high” or euphoric when giving in to their addiction.
Physical Addiction
These are usually the result of the excessive use of a particular substance. When one develops an addiction to a particular substance, they build up a tolerance and need a larger and larger dose to feel the same effects again. If they do not use the substance, they will experience withdrawal symptoms. The common types of physical addictions include:
- Alcohol
- Drugs
- Caffeine
- Nicotine/Smoking
Behavioral or Psychological Addictions
These happen when there is an uncontrollable urge to do an activity. These kinds of addictions include a strong recurring compulsion to engage in a certain activity despite the harmful consequences to either the individual or others. It may include:
- Sex
- Internet
- Dieting
- Exercising
- Gambling
- Shopping
Causes of Addiction
Although there is no specific cause for a person to develop an addiction, many believe that the major factors are genetics and environment. Environmental factors include exposure to groups that encourage drug use or family members using drugs at home. At the same time, if a parent has developed an addiction, the child can develop an addiction in the future through a genetic trait should they participate in addictive behaviors.
Treatment for Addiction
Addiction can be treated. However, the person with the addiction must take the first step and acknowledge that they have a problem and need help. Physical addictions can be treated with medication. Both addictions also need behavioral therapy and counseling as part of their treatment. Behavioral therapy helps patients identify, cope, and avoid situations in which they are more likely to participate in addictive activities. Patients can also partake in family or group therapies to maintain a supportive environment and improve family relationships.
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